Criminology was classically described by Edwin Sutherland, one of its American pioneers, as the study of "the making, the breaking, and the enforcement of criminal laws." More recently, the subject has split into criminology, the study of the causes of crime, and criminal justice, the study of the institutions and processes involved in the enforcement of the criminal law. The scope is interdisciplinary, ranging across the behavioral and social sciences and the humanities from biology and neurology through sociology, psychology, and political science to literature, history, and philosophy.
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