The Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions Audio Archive International Issues Program 1: Democracy and the Emerging Nations A synthesis of a three-week conference held by the Center. Includes opening remarks by Zelman Cowen of the Faculty... Program 14: The Eichmann Trial and the Rule of Law Begins with a synopsis of political scientist Yosai Rogat's pamphlet on this subject, published by the Center in 1961, and... Program 17: On Revolution Philosopher Scott Buchanan discusses the nature and source of revolution. When we in the West speak of revolution, we most... Program 19: Robert M. Hutchins on Israel and Europe In an interview with Joseph Lyford, Hutchins talks about his trip to Israel, Italy, Portugal, and Spain, giving his impressions... Program 26: South Africa's Racial Problems The Center's Harvey Wheeler talks with South African journalist Edgar Hill about racial problems in that nation, suggesting that South... Program 30: New Nations and World Order Abba Eban, a noted Israeli ambassador, discusses his views on the paradox between the scientific revolution and the rise in... Program 38: German Catholics and Hitler's Wars Gordon Zahn, of Loyola University, asks why German Catholics did not resist Hitler's wars, and suggests that it is necessary... Program 47: The Elite and the Electorate Senator J. William Fulbright discusses whether democracy by the people is still possible in this analysis of the functions of... Program 53: The Role of Government in the Economy Economist Gunnar Myrdal, of the University of Stockholm, foresees increasing participation of the American government in the economy, especially where... Program 56: The Prospects for Democracy Around the World Adlai E. Stevenson, America's U.N. ambassador, talks on the prospects and challenges of democracy in the years to come, and... Program 58: The Individual Citizen and Foreign Policy Robert J. Manning, Assistant Secretary of State for Public Affairs, says that Americans must re-dedicate themselves to the proposition... Program 65: Civil Rights in Israel Viscount Edwin Samuel, of Hebrew University, offers an account of the contributions of Turkish and British customs to the development... Program 75: No Lamb for Slaughter The Center's Frank K. Kelly discusses a broad range of topics with millionaire industrialist Edward Lamb, a director of the... Program 94: The Myth of the Pure Administrator Vice-Admiral Hyman G. Rickover of the United States Navy suggests that we cannot solve the problems of bureaucracy until... Program 102: Peace Through Strife Arthur I. Waskow, of the Institute for Policy Studies in Washington, D.C., discusses his belief that intensified competition between the... Program 114: Science: For Truth or Good? - I The Center's Scott Buchanan interviews Helmut Krauch of the Heidelberg Institute, who is the head of a group of German... Program 119: The Kibbutz Revisited The Center's Scott Buchanan speaks with Viscount Edwin Samuel, of Hebrew University, about the relevance of the kibbutz experience in... Program 144: Slightly Autobiographical: Lord Ritchie-Calder In this interview with Frank K. Kelly, the British peer, a Center consultant, focuses on his early years as a... Program 150: PIT I - I: An Anatomy of Peace The possibility of peace in the nuclear age is the topic in excerpts from speeches by Robert Buron, Abba Eban... Program 151: PIT I - II: The Semantics of Coexistence The terms “peace,” “neutrality,” and “intervention” have different meanings for different societies, as is dramatized in this discussion concerning the... Program 152: PIT I - III: Ideology and Intervention The old criteria about ideological differences are no longer useful, as many have been blurred by technological advances. The advent... Program 154: PIT I - V: The Rich and the Poor A discussion of the need for economic aid to new nations without condescension or political strings attached, with introductory remarks... Program 155: PIT I - VI: A World Community -- and U.S. Foreign Policy The topic of the world community is addressed in these excerpts from three round-table discussions. Participants include Abram J... Program 156: PIT I - VII: The Haves and the Have-Nots The responsibilities of nations that give foreign aid and those that receive it are discussed in these excerpts from a... Program 157: PIT I - Convocation Opens at the UN General Assembly United States Vice-President Hubert H. Humphrey addresses the participants in the Center's International Convocation on Pacem in Terris. [Feb... Program 158: PIT I - Convocation Opens at the UN General Assembly Introductory remarks by Adlai Stevenson, America's U.N. delegate, and Alex Quason-Sackey of Ghana, president of the United Nations General... Program 159: PIT I - Requirements for Peace: The Nature of the Problem Robert M.Hutchins addresses the convocation in his role as president of the Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions, followed... Program 160: PIT I - Requirements for Peace: The Nature of the Problem Introductory remarks by Paul Tillich, Professor of Theology at the University of Chicago. [Feb. 1965... Program 161: PIT I - Requirements for Peace: The Nature of the Problem Introductory remarks by Nobel laureate Linus Pauling. [Feb. 1965... Program 167: PIT I - Roundtable I: Implications for U.S. Policies A discussion of the implications of Pacem in Terris for American policies, featuring James Farmer, Walter Millis, Elmo Roper, Stanley... Program 168: PIT 1 - Roundtable I: Implications for U.S. Policies Further discussion of the implications of Pacem in Terris for American policies, featuring H. Stuart Hughes, Herman Kahn, Walter Millis... Program 169: PIT 1 - Roundtable I: Implications for U.S. Policies Continued discussion of the implications of Pacem in Terris for American policies, featuring James Farmer, H. Stuart Hughes, Herman Kahn... Program 176: PIT I - Roundtable II: Implications for US Policies. A second discussion of the implications of Pacem in Terris for American policies, featuring Hudson Hoagland, Marya Mannes, Hans J... Program 177: PIT I - Roundtable II: Implications for US Policies A continuation of the second discussion of the implications of Pacem in Terris for American policies, featuring Abram J. Chayes... Program 178: PIT I - Roundtable II: Implications for US Policies Concluding the second discussion of the implications of Pacem in Terris for American policies, featuring Hudson Hoagland, Marya Mannes, Hans... Program 179: PIT I - Requirements for Peace: Mutual Interest and Mutual Trust Remarks by Israeli Deputy Prime Minister Abba Eban; J. William Fulbright, chairman of the U.S. Senate Foreign Relations Committee; and... Program 180: PIT I - Requirements for Peace: Mutual Interest and Mutual Trust Remarks by J. William Fulbright, joined by British historian Arnold J. Toynbee, and the U.K.'s Minister of State for... Program 181: PIT I - Requirements for Peace: Mutual Interest and Mutual Trust An address by U.N. Secretary General U Thant, with an introduction by Leslie Paffrath, secretary-general of the convocation and... Program 182: PIT I - Roundtable III: Summary of Convocation A discussion of the Center's first International Convocation on Pacem in Terris, chaired by Henry R. Luce, and featuring Steve... Program 194: After Pacem in Terris... - I The Center's Hallock Hoffman presents excerpts from a post-event conference held to address some of the issues raised in... Program 195: After Pacem in Terris... - II The Center's Hallock Hoffman presents further excerpts from the post-event conference held to address some of the issues raised... Program 197: Capitalism, Socialism, and Communism Michael Harrington attempts a redefinition of the terms 'capitalism,' 'socialism,' and 'communism,' since these words have served political ends for... Program 227: A Look at the U.S. Press from Abroad In this panel discussion, fifteen foreign journalists discuss their experiences working for American newspapers, and give their assessment of the... Program 261: Buddhism and Communism Raghavan N. Iyer, of the University of California Santa Barbara, gives his analysis of the tensions between Buddhism and Communism... Program 278: A Talk With Ho Chi Minh. Harry S. Ashmore reports on his visit to North Vietnam to invite the country's president, Ho Chi Minh, to the... Program 282: Double-Dealing in Peace In an interview with the Center's John L. Perry, Miami News editor William C. Baggs joins Harry Ashmore in charging... Program 284: A View From Inside Cuba Saul Landau, co-author of 'The New Radical,' reports on his four-week visit to Cuba, where he found that... Program 287: Toward a World Civilization Philosopher Huston Smith of MIT talks with Robert M. Hutchins, Raghavan Iyer, and John R. Seeley about being on the... Program 400: PIT II - I: Prerequisites to Peace A synthesis of the Pacem in Terris II convocation held in Geneva, Switzerland, focusing on the necessary conditions for world... Program 401: PIT II - II: A World View of Vietnam A wide-ranging discussion about the war in Vietnam among an international group of scholars, politicians, and journalists, dealing with... Program 404: PIT II - VI: On China Historian Paul T. K. Lin, of McGill University, gives a presentation in which he forcefully argues the Chinese point of... Program 406: PIT II - VII: Pacem Postscriptis The Center's Elisabeth Mann Borgese offers a succinct analysis of the convocation proceedings and their implications for future developments. Mar... Program 429: The Bishop Is Expelled Episcopal bishop C. Edward Crowther testifies before the United Nations, giving a personal account of his experiences as a white... Program 455: Czechoslovakia: The Art of the Impossible Author and educator Milton Mayer discusses the Good Soldier Schweik technique of unarmed resistance used by the Czechs to undermine... Program 526: No Man is an Island... -- Nor Any Nation The Center's Elisabeth Mann Borgese argues that ecological pollution makes national boundary claims obsolete, and that there is a need... Program 527: The Haunting Past George McTurnan Kahin, of Cornell University, uses Cambodia as an illustration of the problems that result from America's misconceptions, misinformation... Program 529: And the Boys Die On... The Center's Harvey Wheeler interviews Southeast Asia scholar George McTurnan Kahin, discussing his view that American policy in Asia rests... Program 569: Military Security Blankets Army General James M. Gavin discusses his belief that the security of the United States no longer depends on weapons... Program 570: Vietnam - Peace or War? Cornell University's George McTurnan Kahin speaks with the Center's Donald McDonald on why he believes U.S. efforts to achieve peace... Program 624: Water Management: The Vital Science D. F. Peterson, of Utah State University, outlines the problems of providing the world's farmers with the quality and quantity... Program 635: Foreign Policy -- The Kissinger View Secretary of State Henry Kissinger discusses recent changes in the international scene and gives his views of the realities and... Program 636: Senator Fulbright Views the National Interest Senator J. William Fulbright explains the weaknesses he sees in American foreign policy, decries the futility of the Cold War... Program 637: Détente and Human Rights Senator Henry M. Jackson presents arguments in support of his controversial idea that the United States should grant Most Favored... Program 638: U.S. Primacy or a World Community Stanley Hoffman, of Harvard University, argues that U.S. foreign policy, with its focus on military primacy, is so disjointed and... Program 641: The American Ethos and U.S. Foreign Policy A discussion of the assertion that America has gone from serving as a positive example in the world to a... Program 643: Relics of the Past: U.S. Alliances Paul C. Warnke, of Georgetown University, suggests that the distinctions between ally and adversary are blurring as the once widely... Program 645: Beyond Imperialism: The Case for Moral Leadership A panel discussion on the question of whether other countries are truly better off for their involvement with the United... Program 648: Limiting U.S. Destructive Power A panel discussion analyzing issues of how unchecked defense spending threatens America's economic strength and nuclear stockpiling endangers all civilization... Program 651: Development and the Multinational Corporation A discussion of the relationships between multinational corporations and nation-states, especially with regard to the developing world. Featuring Frank... Program 656: World Law -- Strengths and Limitations What meaning does the word 'ethics' have when applied to the conduct of nations? What kinds of disputes should be... Program 658: Separation of Powers and Foreign Affairs Senator Sam J. Ervin, Jr. argues that the executive branch has increasingly usurped authority over foreign policy until the President... Program 659: Who Should Make Our Foreign Policy? A discussion of the imbalance between the power of the executive and legislative branches in making foreign policy, featuring Hubert... Program 660: Of Men and Foreign Policy John Kenneth Galbraith, of Harvard University, asserts that when the United States committed itself to anti-communism after World War... Program 685: The Religious Dimensions of Judaism For Gershom G. Scholem, of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, no single body of thought can be regarded as authentic... Program 686: The Concept of Justice in Jewish Law Justice Haim Cohn, of the Supreme Court of Israel, claims that justice must be individualized according to time, place, and... Program 688: The Jewish Experience A discussion of the many problems confronting modern Jews, addressing such questions as: Is the concept of the Halakah an... Program 691: The Universal Implications of Judaism Rabbi Robert Gordis, of Temple University, argues for pluralism and tolerance, maintaining that these modern values from the beginning were... Program 704: Détente in Practice: Problems, Pitfalls -- and Opportunities A panel discussion focusing on the nature of détente and how it is threatened both at home and abroad, featuring... Program 708: The Economic Crisis in Our Global Community Robert O. Anderson, chairman of the Atlantic Richfield Company, warns that a redistribution of the earth's resources is inevitable, in... Program 718: Covert Operations: Quagmire of American Foreign Policy Senator Frank Church suggests that the reason the United States is regarded with suspicion and distrust around the world is... Program 719: The Need for Responsible Intelligence Gathering Former CIA director William Colby foresees a new era of responsible American intelligence-gathering resulting from Congressional investigations into the... Program 720: Intelligence, National Security, and the Democratic Process A panel discussion focusing on the necessity of intelligence-gathering and the problems inherent in covert operations. Featuring Frank Church... Program 721: Domestic Policies and U.S. Foreign Policy A panel discussion stressing the role of Congress in both the formulation and execution of U.S. foreign policy. Topics covered... Program 737: Man's Impact on the Atmosphere Atmospheric scientist Joseph Knox explains that because of the complex physical processes and feedback mechanisms in the atmosphere, activities which... Program 760: Illegal Immigration and National Policy The Center's Otis L. Graham, Jr. examines the extent and character of the problem of illegal immigration, and the response... Program 761: Immigration: Retrospection and Reflection A discussion of immigration into the United States, particularly from Mexico, spanning from the early part of the twentieth century... Program 762: The Impact of Illegal Immigration In this panel discussion, two sides of the issue of illegal immigration are discussed; the perceived urgency of the problem... Program 763: The Demographic Implications of Illegal Immigration Conference participants debate the controversial idea that the United States should tie aid to immigrant-supplying nations to provisions that... Program 765: The Case for Restricted Immigration Garrett Hardin, of the University of California Santa Barbara, argues for restricted immigration on the grounds that it is imperative... Program 766: The Case for a Liberal Immigration Policy Jorge A. Bustamante, of Colegio de Mexico in Mexico City, contends that it is misleading to discuss immigration in terms... Program 767: The Immigration Debate: The Idealists vs. the Realists John Higham, of Johns Hopkins University, explains how current discussion about immigration policy merely recapitulates the same dynamic that has... Program 768: Illegal Immigration: The Ethical Questions Otis L. Graham, Jr. summarizes the ethical concerns underlying the widely differing viewpoints of the conference participants, and raises some... Program 769: Illegal Immigration and Development Aid Ronald M. Green, of Dartmouth College, argues that the United States must not make economic aid to countries within close... Program 770: Illegal Immigration: The View from Mexico and Canada Marcos Manuel Suarez, head of the Mexican Department of Labor, and Ivan M. Timonin, of the Canadian Employment and Immigration... Program 688: The Jewish Experience A discussion of the many problems confronting modern Jews, addressing such questions as: Is the concept of the Halakah an... Program Topics Democracy and Freedom Dissent Education First Amendment Rights/Freedom of the Press Government and Politics Hutchins [Robert Maynard] and the History of CSDI Immigration International Issues Law and Order The Media Peace and War Race and Ethnicity Religion Science and Technology Social and Economic Issues CSDI Audio Archive Information The Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions (CSDI) was founded by Robert Maynard Hutchins and was based in Santa Barbara, California, from 1959 to 1987. During that time it brought together many of the most capable and distinguished minds of the times to discuss vital issues facing American society of the day. Thanks to donors Neal Linson, Ceil Pulitzer, and Stanley Sheinbaum, a project has begun to digitize and make accessible on the web some of the most important conference proceedings, talks, and dialogues recorded by CSDI. 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